You must have come across yellow-colored creatures doing hard work on the corners of roads, highways, buildings under construction, construction projects, etc. Valuable machines that we know as heavy machines or HEAVY EQUIPMENT, equipment that helps industries in a variety of applications, from mineral extraction to forestry, from road construction to moving loads in ports. Giant machines are suitable for long-term and heavy use, but they must be taken care of to ensure their reliable performance. By carrying out the maintenance activities of road construction and mining machines, it can be ensured that these equipments have the highest level of readiness. Minimizing the time spent on repairs and maximizing being active means that these yellow creatures are accompanying you to achieve more benefits.
Regardless of the type of use, heavy machines are large, rubber or chain and are used in construction projects, agriculture, demolition, etc. for digging or transporting materials. Even if you are using a mini loader or a mini excavator, the name heavy machinery still describes this equipment. With these explanations, we can say that examples of heavy machinery are: excavators, graders, loaders, power systems, leveling machines, trucks, tractors, finishers, harvesters, bulldozers and...
✔️ مقدمهای بر تعمیر و نگهداری ماشین آلات راهسازی و معدنی
You may be looking to do some of the repairs on your machinery yourself. But the reality is that such a thing is usually not possible, or even in trivial cases of failure, it may not be cost-effective for you. Without having expertise, experience, and of course related educational and educational qualifications, it is very difficult to perform maintenance and repair of road construction and mining machinery. For example, as an operator of a backhoe or a mini excavator, a person may be expected to perform small service and maintenance activities by himself, but certainly performing more complex repairs such as replacing parts of the power transmission system, hydraulics, or working components such as the boom, requires It has special working space for expert people with up-to-date tools.
Repairing road construction machinery requires more than just rolling up your sleeves and being prepared to get your hands dirty. Every minute that a piece of such equipment is out of service, time is actually being wasted and money (at least potentially) is being wasted. In this situation, not only will you not be able to carry out the things stipulated in the project well and according to the schedule, but you are also bearing the cost of tarnishing your brand and reputation. You will be pushed out of the market cycle if your machines are not reliable and available. Therefore, when it comes to repairs and maintenance, you should pay attention to the important things:
✔️ خدمات نمایندگیهای سرویس و نگهداری ماشین آلات سنگین
When encountering breakdowns, the first question to answer is whether repair services are available as part of the manufacturer's warranty. This question can be answered by referring to the documents related to the purchase of the device or the booklets that come with it, and you can also check with the representative of the manufacturer from which the device was supplied. The manufacturer or his agent may be able to inform you about the warranty status of the device online.
Don't forget that if this option is available to you, use it. Also, after the end of the warranty period, some suppliers extend the time frame of providing their services in exchange for receiving payment or signing a contract. It is possible that using these services after the end of the initial warranty period can serve your interests better in the long run.
Despite all the above, many machines are used outside their warranty or even warranty period. Therefore, to maintain their reliability and availability, help should be sought from trusted and specialized suppliers.
✔️ تحولات فناوری در تعمیر و نگهداری ماشین آلات راهسازی و معدنی
Technological developments in the maintenance of road construction machinery and mineral
In recent decades, modern machines have entered the country year after year. In some years, the import statistics have jumped and sometimes due to various reasons, including economic sanctions, this statistic has seriously decreased. The disconnection of trade relations with technology-rich countries has caused the technical power and spare parts needed for service and maintenance of road construction and mining machines to be sometimes lacking.
Early heavy machinery was mostly a combination of simple mechanical mechanisms alongside They were hydraulic equipment, in these machines the power generator was generally a diesel engine that converted the energy in the diesel fuel into power and torque and delivered a hydraulic pump. The hydraulic pump converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy and delivers it in the form of oil flow that can withstand high pressures through a hydraulic control valve. In old machines, each of these components was controlled by primitive mechanical systems.
With the advancement of technology, the major functions of various sectors, from power generators to power transmission systems and working components to electronic systems and then computer storage systems and will probably be assigned to artificial intelligence in the near future. These changes have taken place in harmony with the general developments in the industry in mining machinery, road construction, etc. One of the products of the aforementioned developments is the complexity of work systems in machines.
✔️ تنگناها در سرویس و نگهداری ماشین آلات سنگین
As mentioned earlier, during the last 10 years, a significant number (more than 10,000) of heavy machinery, mostly equipped with new technologies, have entered the country. Some of these machines are fully imported and some of them are produced or at least assembled in the country. The maintenance and repair of road construction and mining machinery with this amount of technology requires technical-expert ability and access to modern knowledge, these resources are generally imported into the country by agencies, organizations that have been involved with many issues and problems in the past years. These issues and problems have actually caused many companies to limit the amount of service and access to original parts for their customers. The result of this situation is that various machines in various mining, construction, industrial, etc. projects have remained dormant due to the lack of just one part or a repair expertise. This can cause irreparable damage to the country's development. The market of parts and consumables used in the maintenance and repair of heavy machinery is not in a good condition. Non-original parts are very visible in the market and in some cases they are even sold to customers by dealers. The use of these non-original parts, which have lower quality and useful life, causes the reliability and availability of machines to drop even more. In large mining and construction organizations, etc., which are companies with a large number of machines (over 300 machines) with values sometimes in the millions of dollars, maintenance and repair systems are also one of the other key factors to improve the performance of the machines. The introduction of technologies such as the Internet of Things is the basis for the use of fleet management systems based on the current status of machines. With the help of such systems, in the event of warnings or error codes, for example, in the case of a solenoid valve in the hydraulic system, a request can be made to send a repair team to the location of the registration device and even to provide the corresponding spare part from the warehouse at the same time.
✔️ برخی اشتباهات در بهره برداری و نگهداری و تعمیرات ماشین آلات سنگین
Buying and operating heavy machinery can be very expensive, from the initial cost of purchasing the equipment to wages and the cost of purchasing spare parts. During the life cycle of a device, there may be times when you need to do heavy maintenance projects, but there are strategies you can use to reduce the time it takes to perform these repairs. For this purpose, keep the following in mind:
✔️ عدم شناخت کافی دستگاه
In the case of old devices with lower technology, operators generally have sufficient familiarity with the device's capabilities, but with today's devices becoming more advanced, it is necessary to use an expert operator. And being familiar with the facilities and options has become very important. Device user information is not a secret! Always keep these documents inside the cabin and if you are going to work with a new device, be sure to familiarize yourself with the features of the device, especially the monitor, before starting work. This access can reduce the service and maintenance costs of road construction and mining machinery!
✔️ عدم شناخت کافی از اقلام مصرفی و چگونگی انجام سرویسها
The main responsibility for maintaining the health of the device lies with the device operator. Although the service team is responsible for the correct implementation of the device's service items, this issue does not negate the necessity of the operator's care and attention in the daily check of the device, its environment, and its service and maintenance locations. Such a requirement is not possible without the basic knowledge and skills of the operator. If the user is not familiar with English, he must have access to at least a translated summary of the items and methods of performing the service. These documents should also be kept inside the device, training during the work by the service team or the representative personnel of the device can also be effective and practical in this regard.
✔️ تعمیر ماشین آلات راهسازی
As it was said before, the repairs of various components and working systems of road construction and mining machines require specialized power, up-to-date tools and, of course, access to original high-quality spare parts. For example, in the repair of the power generating system (diesel engine), just one mistake in the measurement of crankshaft slack can bring direct damages of several hundred million tomans and of course indirect reliability costs (caused by the inactivity of the device). Also, in the power transmission systems of road construction machines, the level of accuracy required in the payment and assembly of parts such as clutch packs and the main control valve of the gearbox is in the range of several microns, the lack of use of standard tools or the lack of use of high-quality parts can reduce the working life of the system after Repair significantly reduced. Transmission of power to working components in road construction machinery is done through a hydraulic system (open or closed). In this system, a hydraulic pump is used, which is usually an angle clamp (variable flow rate) along with a main control valve to direct the path of oil with high pressure (about 200 to 350 bar) to the actuators. The mobility of road construction machines has caused the design of hydraulic circuits and related components in these machines to be done in a compact manner. This compression has created many subtleties in the system. The mold culture on the hydraulic system repair space is mainly trial and error, which increases the direct and indirect cost of repairs. The use of expert repair groups, who have mastered the hydraulic circuit and of course the electrical and electronic components of the equipment, causes the technicians to advance the troubleshooting process based on evidence, instead of opening and closing and simply replacing parts, based on guesswork. .